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When a caddis fly hatches it rises to the surface of the water, shedding its nest and shuck as it breaks through the surface tension of the water so as to reveal its wings. Caddis flies often use surface movement caused by wind and currents to assist in this process.  Fortunately they break through…

Caddis flies are also known in some cases as sedge because of their habit of clinging to vegetation, particularly sedge type grasses, along the banks of rivers and impoundments. Whilst caddis appear on general inspection to only have one pair of wings they in fact have two pairs of wings but the…

OF FLY TYING AND FLY FISHING TERMS   See also: A TO Z OF FLY TYING SKILLS ABDOMEN. Rear most of the three body divisions of an insect. ADIPOSE EYELID: an immovable transparent outer covering or partial covering of the eye of some groups of bony fishes, such as mullets and trevallies. AMADO. A…

See also: Getting started – wet trout flies Getting started – salt water flies Getting started – bass and native fish flies Getting started – the gear There are only really two types of flies dry flies and wet flies. A dry fly is any fly that is designed to be fished on or in the surface film of…

Food source [months] Fly suggestions Adult yabbies [30] [30] [30] [20] [20] [20] [10] [10] [20] [30] [40] [30] Yabby Woolly bugger Floating yabby Shrimp shell yabby Small yabbies [00] [00] [60] [60] [50] [50] [30] [20] [10] [10] [00] [00] Mini woolly bugger Woolly bugger Worms (as vegetation is…

Food source Seasonality (Jan–Dec) Fly suggestions Adult yabbies Woolly bugger Floating yabby Shrimp shell yabby Booby Small yabbies Woolly bugger Floating yabby Shrimp shell yabby Booby Ants & termites Foam flying ant / termite Foam flying ant / termite 2 Ant Midge Midge Beetles Red tag…

Food source [months] Fly suggestions Adult yabbies [30] [30] [30] [20] [20] [20] [10] [10] [20] [30] [40] [30] Woolly bugger Floating yabby Shrimp shell yabby Small yabbies [00] [00] [60] [60] [50] [50] [30] [20] [10] [10] [00] [00] Mini woolly bugger Woolly bugger Worms (as vegetation is drowned)…

Food source [months] Fly suggestions Gudgeon and galaxia [50] [50] [50] [50] [10] [10] [10] [10] [10] [10] [10] [50] Bead head nymphs Magoo Shrek Mrs Simpson Murdoch Adult yabbies [30] [30] [30] [20] [20] [20] [10] [10] [20] [30] [40] [30] Yabby Woolly bugger Floating yabby Shrimp shell yabby Small…

You can tell when trout are feeding on emerging caddis because you often see them porpoising out of the water in pursuit of the hatching insect. This sparkle caddis pupa is a good representation of that stage just before the insect sheds its shuck. The concept of the air bag is accredited to Gary…

This fly is also often referred to as an "Elk Hair Emerger". When a caddis fly hatches it rises to the surface of the water, shedding its nest and shuck as it breaks through the surface tension of the water so as to reveal its wings. Caddis flies often use surface movement caused by wind and…

Shipman's buzzer was tied as a surface fly for Rutlands Reservoir in England. A great buggy looking buzzer that applications anywhere buzzers are emerging. Materials Hook Thread Siphons and trailing shuck Rib Body & thorax Knapek dry #10 to #14 To suit body White antron dubbing Holographic…

There are over 470 species of Caddis flies in Australia and they all lay their copious numbers of eggs in water.  Given the numbers of caddis pupa (or nymphs) that hatch it's not surprising that Caddis fly pupa form arguably the largest part of a trout's diet. Caddis flies are of the order…

There are over 470 species of Caddis flies in Australia and they all lay their copious numbers of eggs in water. Given the numbers of caddis pupa (or nymphs) that hatch it's not surprising that Caddis fly pupa form arguably the largest part of a trout's diet. Caddis flies are of the order…

A wet fly is a fly designed to be fished below the water's surface of the water or a dry fly that has been drowned and is being fish below the surface of the water. Basically there are two main types of wet fly: The type is representational flies which are flies tied to represent food that trout…

There are over 470 species of Caddis flies in Australia and they all lay their copious numbers of eggs in water. Given the numbers of caddis pupa (or nymphs) that hatch it's not surprising that Caddis fly pupa form arguably the largest part of a trout's diet. Caddis flies are of the order…

It doesn't matter if your fishing saltwater or freshwater, targeting demersal or pelagic fish or that your target fish is feeding on mullet, garfish, herring, bony bream, hardyhead or some other baitfish … at 13cm long and with a great swimming action more often than not my articulated bugger in…

As the pupa or sub-imago of Mayflies, Caddis, Midges, Stoneflies, Dobson flies etc. move to and through the surface of the water to hatch they are referred to as emergers and when large numbers go through this process at the same time it is referred to as a hatch. When fish are feeding on emergers…

This is more of a class of fly rather than just one fly. A very generic representation of a caddis nymph tied on a Czech nymph type hook. A good buggy looking fly that also has a hot spot emerging wing of UV material. Caddis fly (or Sedge) are of the order Trichoptera and are common throughout the…

There are over 470 species of Caddis flies in Australia and they all lay their copious numbers of eggs in water.  Given the numbers of caddis pupa (or nymphs) that hatch it's not surprising that Caddis fly pupa form arguably the largest part of a trouts diet. Most caddis grubs make a retreat of…

This is a variation of my very successful articulated swimmer and is a great fly when targeting barra in Lake Awoonga and other barra impoundments on those quiet days when the barramundi are sulking and you need a fly that is going to be in their face for a relatively long time but still active. I…

Whilst a lot of the things we seek to imitate with flies don't in fact have tails we still tie what are commonly referred to as tails into most of our flies. I am a firm believer that in some flies realistic eyes are a trigger that elicits a response from fish. There are many ways of adding eyes to…

For the sake of convenience I have broken my fly suggestions up into 5 distinct sections. I have put those sections in the order in which I methodically go through as I determine what fly or flies to tie on. MATCHING THE HATCH WITH DRY FLIES It's hard to beat the exhilaration that comes with…

My articulated swimmer been one of my most successful prospecting flies for Central Queensland. It has caught more than its fair share of barramundi in both the Boyne River and Awoonga Dam and has caught other species including bream, flathead, grunter, fingermark, queenfish, trevally and mackerel…

This is a booby version of my very successful articulated swimmer fly. I have modified the articulated swimmer by replacing the dumbbell eyes with large booby eyes to ensure that the fly is marginally buoyant, and will sit in the surface and not on the surface but with the hook hanging down behind…

"If it ain't chartreuse it ain't no use." Well I don't subscribe to that but I do carry a couple of flies in chartreuse over white, shrimp or off white in my fly box. These flies are a great standby for when big queenfish, GT's and goldens, that are either hunting on sand flats or are attacking…

Basically a mutant version of the quintessential fresh water trout streamer fly the Woolly Bugger this fly has and articulated shank and a down bib that gives the fly plenty of movement. One of my favourite prospecting flies taht can be fished on any type of fly line. It is slowly building a…

Insects such as Mayflies, Stoneflies and Dragonflies that have part of their life cycle in the water provide a significant part of a trouts diet. For a Mayfly Life begins as an egg. Gestation period is only a few days and the hatched nymph is a miniature of the adult except for the wings and tail….

I tie these downsized version of my original articulated slow roller fly in sizes #1 and 1/0 sizes and fish them on my #8 weight fly rods with 20lb Maxima Ultra Green leaders. They are an absolute treat for native bass and all sorts of estuary and coastal species including bream, flathead, and…

This fly is a down bib version of my 'articulated swimmer' range of flies and adopts the "sunburst colours" of a number of popular barramundi lures. Like those lures this fly comes into its own when fishing water that is tannin stained or carrying a lot of sediment. Building an articulated fly is…

This fly is primarily designed as a simple yet effective fly to be fished behind my articulated popper heads. Colour choice are infinite but three of my favourites are. Materials for trailing hook Hook size Thread Under-tail Tail flash Over-tail Body Mustard 34007 #3/0. Big fly thread Hends or…

This is a variation of my very successful articulated swimmer and is a great fly when targeting barra in the relatively static water of Lake Awoonga and other barra impoundments. Tied on a #3/0 hook, is 11cm long and on a #4/0 hook this fly is 12cm long. I fish this fly on a #10 weight outfit with…

This fly is designed to be fished very slowly and is one of my favorite targeting flies for barra in Awoonga dam. It's not designed to represent any particular bait fish but it does have a shape, form and function similar to many of the little fish that barra target. This is a big fly with the #4/0…

I reserve my dry fly selection for flies that are fished on the surface of the water and either represent the dun or spinner of a an insect that spends part of its life cycle in the water such as a Mayfly, Caddis fly, Midge, Dobsonfly, Cranefly etc. or they represent terrestrial insects that have…

I have listed this fly box first because its undoubtedly the most important of my river fly fishing boxes. I am a firm believer that when fishing rivers you have to get down to where the fish are holding and also that flies particularly in faster running water should include "hot spots". These…

At the 1999 world fly fishing championships held at Jindabyne in 1999 fishing buzzers was the buzz (excuse the pun) and as soon as I got home I tied some up according to the patterns I had seen. I fished those flies many times , without conviction or confidence, and with the inevitable poor…

This fly whilst not being representational of any particular caddis is a good buggy looking fly that incorporates a hot spot in the form of a ultra violet (UV) emerging wing bud. Caddis are are common throughout the year but with the greater concentrations occurring from September through to March….

=NSW=The Thredbo River runs from just east of the ski fields of Thredbo to Lake Jindabyne where it enter the lake at Waste Point. Once known as the Crackenback River it is very accessible and consequently receives a lot of attention from both fly fishers and those pesky lure fisher folk. Moving up…

=NSW=The Tumut River runs for 145 km from Blowering dam just east of Tumut to the Murrumbidgee River at Gundagai. During its passage it flows through the picturesque town of Tumut before cutting through fertile and generally green alluvial plains which have built up over a millennium. The river…

In the #3/0 mega size this is one of my three main goto flies when I am chasing barra in both fresh and salt water Central Queensland environments. The 1/0 smallest size is great for fresh water tarpon and the middle #2/0 is a good general prospecting size. It doesn't matter if you fishing the…

The original version of this fly was tied on a size # 3/0 hook and the finished fly was 11cm and 12cm in length. This mega version is tied on a size #4/0 hook and the finished fly is a whopping 15cm to 16cm in length. Orange & yellow combinations are popular with lure fishers and those colours have…

This is one of just four colour combinations that I tie my articulated swimmer fly in. Hard bodied Brown bomber lures are very popular as a lures for targeting barra and jacks in Queensland waters and most lure fishers have at least on in the lure tray. Based on the colours of the 'brown bomber'…

Whilst not designed to represent any particular bait fish I have designed this fly to have a shape, form and function similar to many of the little fish that predators hunt. In the #4/0 version this is a very effective "big fish fly" and is 12 cm long but because it's unweighted it's relatively…

My articulated scrounger minnow works very well in those areas where flathead, jacks, grunter, bream and other predators target small fish that on the falling tide are being flushed out of mangroves, rocky shores, drowned timber and weed beds. This is the third in my series of scrounger flies and…

Whilst not designed to represent any particular bait fish I have designed this fly to have a shape, form and function similar to many of the little fish that predators hunt. This #2/0 estuary fly is 9 cm long and because it's unweighted it's relatively easy to cast. It's a great fly to use when…

My articulated swimmer dressed in the red and white "Qantas" colours has been one of my most successful prospecting flies for Central Queensland. It has caught more than its fair share of barramundi in both the Boyne River and Awoonga Dam and has caught other species including bream, flathead,…

I reckon that the Woolly Bugger is the quintessential streamer or stripping fly. Fly fisher folk must agree with this statement because the Woolly Bugger seems to be the origin of more variations than any other, or at least almost any other, streamer or stripping fly. This fly is a variation on the…

The Zulu tied with a black hackle body and a black tail has origins that go back to circa 1600 England. This fly deviates from the standard a little and has a white under-tail of antron tied in to represents a trailing shuck, seals fur dubbing and a soft hackle at the front so if it is used as a…

Many anglers think that scud are shrimp but in fact they are not. Whilst they are Crustaceans they are of the Amphipoda order and are distinguished from shrimp both in habit and design. They spend their life inhabiting the detritus matter in both flowing and still water and take on the colour of…

If your fishing in water with reasonably large numbers of caddis your going to want to give this small to very small bugger a swim. Caddis represent up to 70% of a trout's diet and whilst this fly is bigger than any caddis nymph I have seen trout love it. It is also a must tie on fly for…

This fly is somewhat of a fusion of a traditional caddis pupa emerger and a squirmy wormy and it has earned a place in my fly box as a great middle or top dropper fly for both a loch style team and a river team. It is certainly worth tying on in the early stages of a caddis hatch as the pupas are…

==This is an popular recreational lake located in the heart of Ballarat. It dried out in the drought but filled again in 2010 and is now a top fishery once again and is shared by fishers, sailing boats, sculls and other users. Even with all this activity the lake fishes well throughout the season….

This fly is part of the series of seven different colours combinations that I tie of the iconic CXI Special fly in. There are days on Aitutaki in particular where bonefish will only take a fly with a bit of yellow in it. These are the other colours in the series: Christmas Island Special – Pink….

I designed my original pregnant prawn in 2011. That fly is tied on a #2 hook and is a corker of a fly for targeting bream, whiting and flathead. This bigger pregnant prawn fly is one of my goto flies here in Central Queensland estuary waters. I often fish it when targeting barra, grunter, jacks and…

On many occasions over the years I have been told that trout are true opportunistic feeders and that they will eat almost anything. From my experience this statement is both true and false. If you approach your fly selection on the basis that trout eat anything, over time (probably your first…

I have lumped these diverse types of insects together as much for convenience as because in may cases they can be fished in similar ways. All of them respond to being fished relatively static except for current and without any drag. Having said that for midge in particular remember that if you are…

For me polaroiding is one of the most rewarding forms of fly fishing. It involves the process of sighting fish with the aid of polaroid sunglasses and then working out and executing a when, where, what and how equation with the aim of enticing the sighted fish to take the fly. I like it because it…

This is the lava of a Caddis fly (or Sedge) and is common from September through to December particularly in the flooded margins of lakes. The bead head version has been designed to be fished as an anchor fly when loch style fly fishing or as an anchor fly when fishing rivers. Materials Hook Bead…

This fly has stood the test of time being designed in the 1930's as a cased caddis imitation in the Catskills by Cliff Zug. It continues to be relevant today on any water where caddis are relevant. It is equally at home in rivers and lakes. It's no surprise that the body is peacock herl a material…

This fly has stood the test of time being designed in the 1930's as a cased caddis imitation in the Catskills by Cliff Zug. It continues to be relevant today on any water where caddis are on the menu. It is equally at home in rivers and lakes. It's no surprise that the body is peacock herl a…

==Perhaps the most iconic lake in Tasmania and for many the most iconic lake in Australia. Arthurs is a hydro lake that was created by the damming of the Upper Lake River in the early 1960's and the flooding of the areas that contained Blue Lake, Sand Lake and the Morass Marsh. From a fly fishers…

This is a list of flies that I know all work well for the lakes around Miena and Bronte in Central Tasmania. For the sake of convenience I have broken the list below up into 4 distinct sections: The first table deals with "Matching the hatch" and is best read in conjunction with an article I first…

Published: Dec 31, 2016 Revised Mar 07, 2021 This is a list of flies that I know all work well for both Lakes Tantangara, Eucumbene and Jindabyne. For the sake of convenience I have set them out in my "go to" lock style teams and also some "matching the hatch" options and finally some alternative…

Please read this article in conjunction with the companion article fly fishing tips. Loch style fly fishing is fly fishing over the lee side of a boat with the wind at your back with the boat side onto the wind, using a system incorporating one or a number of flies. It is a technique that is well…

A The process of stacking deer hair is an efficient and effective way of lining up the tips of deer hair. Clip a bunch of deer hair. Insert the bunch of deer hair into the stacking tube with tip down. Insert the stacking tube into the stacking base. Hold the tube with your thumb over the top and…

The word nymph has of course two fly fishing meanings. The first is "Juvenile, sexually immature stage of certain insects, usually similar to the adult in form, and which require an intermediate stage before becoming an adult. Mayflies, Caddis flies, Dragonflies, Damselflies, Stone flies and Midges…

I subscribe to a couple of British fly fishing magazines so its not surprising that I have been aware of "Mary" nymphs for quite a while. They are a recurring feature of many of the articles. I had tied and used them on and off for  few years but they really didn't come into their own until I…

Designed to imitate a caddis grub this fly has additional weight so that it can be fished bouncing along the bottom or close to the bottom. It is very easy to tie and whilst it is not tied to represent any particular caddis grub it has a form and function and of course the hot spot added by the…

This is the lava of a Caddis fly (or Sedge) and is common from September through to December particularly in the flooded margins of lakes. Can be fished relatively static as a prospecting fly with a very slow retrieve or used as an ambush fly when polaroiding. Materials   Hook Thread Head Legs…

I was introduced to the Doobry a few years ago as a good middle dropper fly for loch style fishing in midge feeder waters. At about the same time I started using lime snatcher flies and red snatcher flies in similar applications. As time has passed I have settled on recipe for all three flies. …

I was recently at my home on the shores of Lake Jindabyne the wind was up and blowing from the north east at about 20 Km, it was cold and overcast and there were intermittent snow and sleet showers. All in all it was a miserable day and better suited to tying flies, reading or writing than actually…

This is just the simplest imitation of a snow flake caddis laying on the surface of the water. The shape and size are right for any of the small caddis and and it floats well. Materials Hook Thread Body Knapek wet fly hook (the dry fly hook is too flimsy) Gray Clipped light natural deer hair (you…

The word nymph has of course two fly fishing meanings. The first is "Juvenile, sexually immature stage of certain insects, usually similar to the adult in form, and which require an intermediate stage before becoming an adult. Mayflies, Caddis flies, Dragonflies, Damselflies, Stone flies and Midges…

This is one of the flies that I have tied for an impending trip to N.Ireland to fish in the 2018 Commonwealth Fly Fishing Championships. My research shows that there can be Autumn hatches of caddis and occasionally olives and midge. Those sort of hatches often occur in relatively shallow water and…

Any time there are caddis on the wing this fly is worth a swim in the middle position of a team of three loch flies. One of the most important things to remember when tying this fly is not to overdress it … make sure you can see a gap between the two wings even when the rabbit fur is dry and…

=NSW=Completed in 1967 Lake Jindabyne is part of the iconic Snow Mountains Hydro Electric Scheme. Its an iconic lake has a reputation as a brown and rainbow trout fishery. It also produces reasonable numbers in the coldest of months. Jindabyne is the gateway for the NSW snow resorts and as you can…

Peter Morse introduced his version of this fly to the members of the Illawarra Fly Fishers Club at their first meeting for 2005. The fly was developed to cover a specific niche in Peter's Bass and Estuary Perch fishing arsenal. With a heavy lead shot head the fly sinks quickly and can as the name…

Only some of the things that trout eat have tails and often the tail is very small. Despite that many of the wet flies that we tie have a tail. In most cases tails are tied into dry flies as an extension of the body and are generally incorporated in the fly design to give the fly some additional…

Whilst there are over 5000 different species of aquatic bugs Australia only two are of significance to the fly fisherman. The family Corixidae or Water Boatman come in a variety of shapes but all generally consist of a body between 5 and 10 mm in length. They have two sets of wings with the font…

Foam beetles have probably been around since not long after foam itself was first invented but I'm not sure if any of the traditional foam beetles are of the scale of this monster. Ray Ellis has scaled up the basic foam beetle to create a great representational fly for Christmas beetles, other big…

This definition covers insects from two separate orders. The first are the aquatic bugs of the hemipterus order and the second the aquatic beetles of the order coleopteran. Water boatman and back swimmers Whilst there are over 5000 different species of aquatic bugs Australia only two are of…

We are very lucky in Central Queensland (AKA "CQ) to have an extensive range of big fish that we can target. That includes but is not limited to the species listed below. Barramundi (both freshwater & saltwater) Kingfish (Yellowtail and Cobia) Lutjanids (Mangrove Jack & Fingermark) Javelin fish…

Stoneflies thrive in the rubble of cold well oxygenated rivers & streams. They are an available food source throughout the season and fish may feed on them to the exclusion of all other food sources particularly during hatches. The nymphs crawl along the bottom and exit the water at the stream…

In this post I describe all the aspect of my current river fishing set up and techniques. The way I set my river fishing gear up and the way I fish has allowed me to hold my own in river sessions in Australia and overseas.

This is a popular rubber tailed Gotcha type fly which is very similar to other ties for rubber legged gotcha flies. It has it's place in your bonefish fly box for those occasions where the bones shy away from the bright colours of most other bone fish flies. Materials Hook Threads Bead Tag Body…

Poppers are a bit harder to cast than a normal fly because of the wind resistance but if you slow your cast down a little I'm sure you'll soon get the hang of it. Once you do you have another tool in your arsenal which is useful in three diverse situations: When pelagic fish are actively pushing…

https://fishonfly.com.au/articulated-bugger Garfish articulated bugger I started making soft plastics in garfish colours about a year ago in response to identifying that a lot of the buffing of big barramundi that you hear at dusk and into the night is barra targeting garfish. I have now added gar…

A “Dun” is that stage of the life cycle of a Mayfly when it emerges and rests on the surface of the water or nearby vegetation whilst its wings dry. During the Dun stage it is very vulnerable to passing and searching fish. The Baetis Dun is a generic representation for members of the “Baetidae”…

Technically the term 'spinner' refers to that stage in a Dun's life cycle when it has moved off the water or, vegetation etc. after drying its wings. The adult or imago of all Mayflies, Caddis flies and Midges can technically be regarded as spinners. Having said that the term is generally used only…

AKA: Divided hackle or hair tails Spinners in particular are great examples of insects with long split wings.The temptation is of course to try to represent the wings as closely as possible but from experience I have found that is no a practical long term solution. Spinner tails are typically quite…

AKA: Body segments on flies Most of the things we seek to imitate with flies have bodies that have some sort of segmentation. A number of techniques have been developed to imitate those body segments and often also to reinforce the fly. Listed below are just a few of those techniques and simple…

Description of a hook Correct placement of the hook in the vice The hook placement below is for a right handed fly tier. If you are left handed please remember to mirror reverse the instructions. Correct placement of the hook in the vice definitely has an effect on the quality of the fly you tie….

There are a lot of hooks available to choose from these days. Early in your fly tying career try to get into the habit of using not only an appropriate hook for a particular purpose but also use the same hook type each time you tie a particular fly so that each time you fish a particular fly it…

I tie a few hair winged duns but don't tie them as representations of any particular Dun or Spinner (imago) stage of any specific insect. They are however good “buggy” flies and are readily accepted by trout. Also because of the white calf tail wings there easy to see as light fades or in fast…

This Dutch fly designed for Grayling but is equally at home with trout and regarded as many amongst the best emerger patterns ever tied. It's well suited when fishing to emerging mayflies and caddis feeders and is easily seen on the water because of the poly yarn post. Whilst you can tie these in…

Whilst not tied to imitate any particular insect this down wing style of fly can be tied with your favourite materials and in your favourite colours to imitate a range of insects. It is a good prospecting fly when nothing appears to be happening. In larger sizes it can be twitched or fished dead…

This is a very effective fly for fast water because it sinks fast and the placement of the lead shot gives the fly a propensity to ride point up reducing the propensity  of snagging. It can be used on its own just to bounce along the bottom or to sink a second fly such as a an egg fly or unweighted…

There are more hoppers flies out there than there are actual hopper verities and you can carry a few of each if you like but I have opted to carry just three patterns that work well in most situations. There are of course a couple of flies in my dry fly selection such as the elk hair caddis, claret…

Snails are a food source for trout throughout the year. Having said that they are often overlooked by fly fishers. In colours imitating the naturals in the area to be fished they can be slowly twitched along the bottom or around the weed beds with great results. They are also a good ambush fly for…

An important part of my bead head fly box. I am a firm believer that when fishing rivers you have to get down to where the fish are holding and also that flies particularly in faster running water should include "hot spots". These flies satisfy both these requirements. I tend to use my bead head…

Chironomids are also sometimes known  Buzzers and Midges at various parts of their life cycle. They are part of the Chironomidae family of the order Diptera – True Flies. They are very small as the name implies and have a similar life cycle to Mayflies and Caddis flies. When fish are taking…