My trout dry fly box

Dry fly fly fishing is very visual and at times can out fish all other methods. This selection of flies will cover most of your surface fly fishing requirements in both Australia and new Zealand.

 

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Generic 

These are flies that are not tied to represent any particular insect. As well as being very buggy and visible they float well and consequently are often used as indicators to support a nymph for nymph under dry river fishing teams.

Hair winged royal coachman

I tie a few hair winged duns but don’t tie them as representations of any particular Dun or Spinner (imago) stage of any specific insect. The Hair Winged Royal Coachman is an excellent example of a hair winged dun. It evolved from origins in England of the 1800’s.

Royal Wulff

With origins in the 20’s the Wulff is as much a style of fly as a fly in its own right. It is certainly one of the quintessential dry flies and in some shape or form you will find variants in most fly boxes. Whilst the originals were tied using elk hair tails and upright upright divided calf wings I lean toward variants that have buoyant deer hair tails and divided wings.

 

Hoppers etc 

There are more hoppers flies out there than there are actual hopper verities and you can carry a few of each if you like but I have opted to carry just three patterns that work well in most situations. Bigger buoyant hoppers are often called into use as indicator flies in nymph under dry teams of flies.

WIP:
Foam assisted hopper

Chatto’s yellow winged hopper

As the name implies this hopper is my representation of the natural of the same name. Its tied in the same way as a stimulator except that a yellow under wing and feather slip wings replace the deer hair wing of the stimulator. It’s a good hopper pattern to tie on because it floats in the surface film much the same way as the unfortunate natural does and it is reasonably visible.

Stimulator variant

Whilst not tied to imitate any particular insect this down wing style of fly can be tied with your favorite materials and in your favorite colours to imitate a range of insects. It is a good prospecting fly when nothing appears to be happening. In larger sizes it can be twitched or fished dead drift to imitate a hopper, cicada or other terrestrial insect that has found itself in the water or in smaller sizes can be danced across the surface to imitate a caddis fly.

 

Beetles 

Coch-Y-Bonddu

The Cock-Y-Bonddu is a Welsh beetle pattern which is equally at home on Australian trout waters. The original was tied with flat silver tinsel wound around the hook shank just behind the body. This little bit of flash isn’t intended to represent a tail its more likely that it was included to imitate the beetle wing parts that often trail behind a beetle like a tail when it gets trapped in the water mid flight.

Foam beetle

Both floating and wet beetles (including drowned terrestrials beetles and aquatic beetles) should be fished in the current with as little line drag as possible or with a very short twitching action. A nondescript well tied beetle pattern if presented in the right way when fish have beetles on their menu, more often than not, will be accepted by fish. Consequently no fly box would be complete without a selection of beetle patterns.

Red Tag

The red tag is as relevant today as when it was first invented some 140 years ago. It is perhaps the quintessential beetle imitation and is popular worldwide.

 

Mayflies 

Mayfly representations are by far the most popular dry fly representations. They come in a wide range of colours, shapes and sizes. This selection will fit the form and function of most mayflies.

WIP:
CDC mayfly dun – Highland dun with CDC underwing

Caenis Dun

If you have a look at Caenis Duns there are fundamentals of shape that are common across the species and captured by this pattern. The tail consists of only three filaments; the body starts thin and is then cigar shaped with 9 distinct segments. They have 6 legs and wings faces back at about a 60 degree angle. The common colours are grey and brown and when they are hatching the vision is of very small single winged sailing boats on the water.

Iron Blue Dun

The Iron Blue Dun is a standard hackled classic that has a permanent home in most UK dry fly-fishers fly boxes. Its also considered a staple fly in many Australian and New Zealand dry fly boxes. It is representative of the male dun and the hatches occur throughout the season.

Lepto Dun

I use this fly to represent mayflies that are members of the Leptophlebiidae classification of mayflies which includes the Highland Dun and Olive Dun and also the Kosciuszko Dun which is a member of the Coloburiscidae classification of the Mayfly family.

Plume

This is an incredible fly for delicate presentations to mayfly feeders … the waters of the Korka had mayfly hatching but I was having trouble in finding a fly that didn’t spook them. Remembering that browns were behaving in a similar way in the training session I mentioned above I swapped over to the plume and ultimately did pretty well for the session coming in 10th out of 28 competitors.

Quill Gordon – Catskill Version

The Quill Gordon is a standard hackled classic that has a permanent home in most UK dry fly-fishers fly boxes. Its also considered a staple fly in many Australian and New Zealand dry fly boxes. It is representative of the male dun and the hatches occur throughout the season.

Twlight Beauty

The Twilight Beauty trout fly is a popular dry fly and a good adult mayfly imitation. It as the names suggests works best in the evening and in particular on warm still evenings when mayflies are hatching. There are many versions of this popular and effective fly ranging from dark forms as in the recipe below to much lighter and grayer versions.

 

Spinners 

Technically the term ‘spinner’ refers to that stage in a Dun’s life cycle when it has moved off the water or, vegetation etc. after drying its wings. The adult or imago of all Mayflies, Caddis flies and Midges can technically be regarded as spinners.

Mayfly spinners must be like candy to trout because when they are around trout definitely become fixated on them to the exclusion of all other offerings.

Black spinner

The term spinner is generally used only in the context of referring to a small number of Mayflies including Black, Red and Orange Spinners when they are both on the water and in the air. The following Spinner is a generic representation for members of the “Leptophlebiidae” family of Mayflies and the various Highland Duns & Spinners, which are members of the “Oniscigastridae” family. Hatches generally occurs between the months of October and March.

Red and orange spinner

The term ‘spinner’ refers to that stage in a Dun’s life cycle when it has moved off the water or, vegetation etc. after drying its wings. The adult or imago of all Mayflies, Caddis flies and Midges can technically be regarded as spinners. The following Spinner is a generic representation for members of the “Leptophlebiidae” family of Mayflies and the various Highland Duns & Spinners, which are members of the “Oniscigastridae” family. Hatches generally occurs between the months of October and March. Carry black, brown, red and blue damsel versions.

 

Emergers 

As the pupa or sub-imago of Mayflies, Caddis, Midges, Stoneflies, Dobson flies etc. move to and through the surface of the water to hatch they are referred to as emergers and when large numbers go through this process at the same time it is referred to as a hatch. When fish are feeding on emergers it is important to be fast and accurate in your casting and to match the form and function of the natural. When the naturals are large enough in individual size one very successful technique is to fish an emerger pattern on top as both a fly and an indicator and a nymph or midge pupa suspended just below it. Hits are often on the dead drift or on the lift.

If flies fall into just two basic groups, wets and dries then emergers have to be regarded as dries even though the are typically fished in the surface film.

Claret carrot

Based on the design of the carrot fly this version is particularly appealing to fish feeding on emerging Mayfly in Tasmania’s central and western lake.

Klinkhammer

This Dutch fly designed for Grayling is one of the best emerger patterns and well suited when fishing to emerging mayflies and caddis. One of the big advantages of this pattern is that it is easily seen on the water because of the poly yarn post.

Para dun emerger

This is more of a class of flies rather than just a fly. Perhaps the best known Para Dun Emerger is the Parachute Adams. It was derived form the Adams Irresistible and whilst the Irresistible sits high on the surface film the parachute version sits comfortably in the film making it a very useful emerger pattern.

Parachute adams

Perhaps the best known Para Dun Emerger is the Parachute Adams. It was derived form the Adams Irresistible and whilst the Irresistible sits high on the surface film the parachute version sits comfortably in the film making it a very useful emerger pattern.

Possum emerger

There are plenty of possum emergers out there. Generally they have a nymph like body and then either a brush type wing or a bud type wing. I like brush type wing emergers better as dense wing traps more air and consequently they float better. The little thorax of seals fur is also good because it sheds water with a flick of the fly.

 

Caddis 

The caddisflies are an order, Trichoptera, of insects with approximately 7,000 described species. Also called sedge-flies or rail-flies, they are small moth-like insects having two pairs of hairy membranous wings. They are closely related to Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) which have scales on their wings, and the two orders together form the superorder Amphiesmenoptera.

Caddisflies have aquatic larvae and are found in a wide variety of habitats such as streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, spring seeps and temporary waters (vernal pools). The larvae of many species use silk to make protective cases of gravel, sand, twigs or other debris.

Elk hair caddis

When a caddis fly hatches it rises to the surface of the water, shedding its nest and shuck as it breaks through the surface tension of the water so as to reveal its wings. Caddis flies often use surface movement caused by wind and currents to assist in this process.

Irresistible

The Adams Irresistible is just one representation of a Baetis Dun. It floats like a cork and what’s more fish accept it as a variety of food items. In smaller sizes it is an excellent Baetis Dun imitation and an excellent fly in still water particularly when Snow Flake Caddis are about. In larger sizes it is an excellent fly for fast water or as a top fly in dry / nymph combination. Change the material colours to tie flies representing Baetis Duns in your target fishery. I carry Adams, black, brown and olive versions in a couple of sizes.

 

Ants 

Ant – black

If it’s a hot day, a warm balmy night, if water is rising over previously dry ground or almost any time for that matter you can get huge hatches of ants. They vary in colour but the dominant hatches are of black meat ants. When the fish are feeding on ants they just sup the insects down one by one often at the exclusion of all other food sources. The best technique for ant feeders is to grease your leader except for the last 60 cm or so and to cover individual fish or place your fly amongst the naturals in the path of feeding fish.

Foam flying ant / termite

The biggest problem with many termite and ant flies is that because you only use and only need two wraps of hackle to represent the legs they unfortunately have a tendency to sink. This foam termite whilst still looking realistic overcomes that problem.

 

 

As the pupa or sub-imago of Mayflies, Caddis, Midges, Stoneflies, Dobson flies etc. move to and through the surface of the water to hatch they are referred to as emergers and when large numbers go through this process at the same time it is referred to as a hatch. When fish are feeding on emergers it is important to be fast and accurate in your casting and to match the form and function of the natural. When the naturals are large enough in individual size one very successful technique is to fish an emerger pattern on top as both a fly and an indicator and a nymph or midge pupa suspended just below it. Hits are often on the dead drift or on the lift.

Ant – black

If it’s a hot day, a warm balmy night, if water is rising over previously dry ground or almost any time for that matter you can get huge hatches of ants. They vary in colour but the dominant hatches are of black meat ants. When the fish are feeding on ants they just sup the insects down one by one often at the exclusion of all other food sources. The best technique for ant feeders is to grease your leader except for the last 60 cm or so and to cover individual fish or place your fly amongst the naturals in the path of feeding fish.

Black spinner

The term spinner is generally used only in the context of referring to a small number of Mayflies including Black, Red and Orange Spinners when they are both on the water and in the air. The following Spinner is a generic representation for members of the “Leptophlebiidae” family of Mayflies and the various Highland Duns & Spinners, which are members of the “Oniscigastridae” family. Hatches generally occurs between the months of October and March.

Caenis Dun

If you have a look at Caenis Duns there are fundamentals of shape that are common across the species and captured by this pattern. The tail consists of only three filaments; the body starts thin and is then cigar shaped with 9 distinct segments. They have 6 legs and wings faces back at about a 60 degree angle. The common colours are grey and brown and when they are hatching the vision is of very small single winged sailing boats on the water.

Chatto’s yellow winged hopper

As the name implies this hopper is my representation of the natural of the same name. Its tied in the same way as a stimulator except that a yellow under wing and feather slip wings replace the deer hair wing of the stimulator. It’s a good hopper pattern to tie on because it floats in the surface film much the same way as the unfortunate natural does and it is reasonably visible.

Claret carrot

Based on the design of the carrot fly this version is particularly appealing to fish feeding on emerging Mayfly in Tasmania’s central and western lake.

Coch-Y-Bonddu

The Cock-Y-Bonddu is a Welsh beetle pattern which is equally at home on Australian trout waters. The original was tied with flat silver tinsel wound around the hook shank just behind the body. This little bit of flash isn’t intended to represent a tail its more likely that it was included to imitate the beetle wing parts that often trail behind a beetle like a tail when it gets trapped in the water mid flight.

Elk hair caddis

When a caddis fly hatches it rises to the surface of the water, shedding its nest and shuck as it breaks through the surface tension of the water so as to reveal its wings. Caddis flies often use surface movement caused by wind and currents to assist in this process.

Foam beetle

Both floating and wet beetles (including drowned terrestrials beetles and aquatic beetles) should be fished in the current with as little line drag as possible or with a very short twitching action. A nondescript well tied beetle pattern if presented in the right way when fish have beetles on their menu, more often than not, will be accepted by fish. Consequently no fly box would be complete without a selection of beetle patterns.

Foam flying ant / termite

The biggest problem with many termite and ant flies is that because you only use and only need two wraps of hackle to represent the legs they unfortunately have a tendency to sink. This foam termite whilst still looking realistic overcomes that problem.

Hackled gold ribbed hares ear

On balance I think it fishes better than the Greenwells Glory.

It works equally well on running or still water and is a little more buoyant than the Greenwell Glory and is buoyant enough to support a small bead head nymph in a wet under dry team.

Hair winged royal coachman

I tie a few hair winged duns but don’t tie them as representations of any particular Dun or Spinner (imago) stage of any specific insect. The Hair Winged Royal Coachman is an excellent example of a hair winged dun. It evolved from origins in England of the 1800’s.

Iron Blue Dun

The Iron Blue Dun is a standard hackled classic that has a permanent home in most UK dry fly-fishers fly boxes. Its also considered a staple fly in many Australian and New Zealand dry fly boxes. It is representative of the male dun and the hatches occur throughout the season.

Irresistible

The Adams Irresistible is just one representation of a Baetis Dun. It floats like a cork and what’s more fish accept it as a variety of food items. In smaller sizes it is an excellent Baetis Dun imitation and an excellent fly in still water particularly when Snow Flake Caddis are about. In larger sizes it is an excellent fly for fast water or as a top fly in dry / nymph combination. Change the material colours to tie flies representing Baetis Duns in your target fishery. I carry Adams, black, brown and olive versions in a couple of sizes.

Klinkhammer

This Dutch fly designed for Grayling is one of the best emerger patterns and well suited when fishing to emerging mayflies and caddis. One of the big advantages of this pattern is that it is easily seen on the water because of the poly yarn post.

Lepto Dun

I use this fly to represent mayflies that are members of the Leptophlebiidae classification of mayflies which includes the Highland Dun and Olive Dun and also the Kosciuszko Dun which is a member of the Coloburiscidae classification of the Mayfly family.

Para dun emerger

This is more of a class of flies rather than just a fly. Perhaps the best known Para Dun Emerger is the Parachute Adams. It was derived form the Adams Irresistible and whilst the Irresistible sits high on the surface film the parachute version sits comfortably in the film making it a very useful emerger pattern.

Parachute adams

Perhaps the best known Para Dun Emerger is the Parachute Adams. It was derived form the Adams Irresistible and whilst the Irresistible sits high on the surface film the parachute version sits comfortably in the film making it a very useful emerger pattern.

Plume

This is an incredible fly for delicate presentations to mayfly feeders … the waters of the Korka had mayfly hatching but I was having trouble in finding a fly that didn’t spook them. Remembering that browns were behaving in a similar way in the training session I mentioned above I swapped over to the plume and ultimately did pretty well for the session coming in 10th out of 28 competitors.

Possum emerger

There are plenty of possum emergers out there. Generally they have a nymph like body and then either a brush type wing or a bud type wing. I like brush type wing emergers better as dense wing traps more air and consequently they float better. The little thorax of seals fur is also good because it sheds water with a flick of the fly.

Quill Gordon – Catskill Version

The Quill Gordon is a standard hackled classic that has a permanent home in most UK dry fly-fishers fly boxes. Its also considered a staple fly in many Australian and New Zealand dry fly boxes. It is representative of the male dun and the hatches occur throughout the season.

Red and orange spinner

The term ‘spinner’ refers to that stage in a Dun’s life cycle when it has moved off the water or, vegetation etc. after drying its wings. The adult or imago of all Mayflies, Caddis flies and Midges can technically be regarded as spinners. The following Spinner is a generic representation for members of the “Leptophlebiidae” family of Mayflies and the various Highland Duns & Spinners, which are members of the “Oniscigastridae” family. Hatches generally occurs between the months of October and March. Carry black, brown, red and blue damsel versions.

Red Tag

The red tag is as relevant today as when it was first invented some 140 years ago. It is perhaps the quintessential beetle imitation and is popular worldwide.

Royal Wulff

With origins in the 20’s the Wulff is as much a style of fly as a fly in its own right. It is certainly one of the quintessential dry flies and in some shape or form you will find variants in most fly boxes. Whilst the originals were tied using elk hair tails and upright upright divided calf wings I lean toward variants that have buoyant deer hair tails and divided wings.

Stimulator variant

Whilst not tied to imitate any particular insect this down wing style of fly can be tied with your favorite materials and in your favorite colours to imitate a range of insects. It is a good prospecting fly when nothing appears to be happening. In larger sizes it can be twitched or fished dead drift to imitate a hopper, cicada or other terrestrial insect that has found itself in the water or in smaller sizes can be danced across the surface to imitate a caddis fly.

Twlight Beauty

The Twilight Beauty trout fly is a popular dry fly and a good adult mayfly imitation. It as the names suggests works best in the evening and in particular on warm still evenings when mayflies are hatching. There are many versions of this popular and effective fly ranging from dark forms as in the recipe below to much lighter and grayer versions.